CALAFAT2025 Datasets

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Bayesian_estimates_Atlantic_MHT.nc

Dataset Overview

• Project: Estimates of Atlantic meridional heat transport from spatiotemporal fusion of Argo, altimetry and gravimetry data

• Description: MHT estimates dataset

• Source File: Bayesian_estimates_Atlantic_MHT.nc

• Data Product: MHT estimates at 12 latitudes across the Atlantic based on spatiotemporal Bayesian hierarchical model

• Time Coverage: 2004-02-14 to 2020-08-14

• Record Length: 67 observations (16.5 years)

• Sampling Frequency: 3-monthly

Citation:

Calafat, F. M., Vallivattathillam, P., & Frajka-Williams, E. (2025). Estimates of Atlantic meridional heat transport from spatiotemporal fusion of Argo, altimetry and gravimetry data [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16640426

Acknowledgement:

This work has been carried out within the framework of the EPOC project funded by the European Union’s Horizon Europe programme (grant agreement No 101059547), under call HORIZON-CL6-2021-CLIMATE01. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.

Dataset Statistics

• Total Variables: 2

• Total Coordinates: 3

• Dataset Size: 47.03 MB

Coordinate Information

The following table shows information about the dataset coordinates in the standardised version, including coordinate name remapping from the original, if any:

Coordinate	Description	Units	Size	Min Value	Max Value	Missing %
LATITUDE	Latitude: Latitude north (WGS84)	degree_north	(12,)	-35.00	65.00	0.0%
LAT_BOUNDS	Latitude cell boundaries	degree_north	(12, 2)	-40.00	67.50	0.0%
TIME	Time	datetime64[ns]	(67,)	2004-02-14	2020-08-14	0.0%

Variable Information

The following table shows the mapping from original variable names to standardized names, along with key statistics for each variable.

Variable	Description	Units	Size	Min Value	Max Value	Missing %
htc → HTC	Heat Transport Convergence: Regions are ordered from north to south. That is, htc(:,:,1) corresponds to the northernmost region, which is bounded by latitude(1) and latitude(2)	PW	(11, 67, 4000)	-0.71	0.60	1.5%
mht → MHT	These estimates have been computed by setting the transport at 65N equal to zero and then integrating the heat transport convergences southward. A time-mean value of 0.506 PW has been added to the transport at 60N based on estimates from the OSNAP project	PW	(12, 67, 4000)	-1.04	1.92	0.0%

Metadata (edits applied noted)

The following metadata provides comprehensive information about this dataset:

• Title: Observation-based probabilistic estimates of Atlantic meridional heat transport

• Summary: MHT estimates dataset

• Description: MHT estimates dataset

• Program: Calafat2025

• Project: Estimates of Atlantic meridional heat transport from spatiotemporal fusion of Argo, altimetry and gravimetry data

• License: None

• Acknowledgment: This work has been carried out within the framework of the EPOC project funded by the European Union’s Horizon Europe programme (grant agreement No 101059547), under call HORIZON-CL6-2021-CLIMATE01. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.

• Weblink: https://zenodo.org/records/16640426

• Platform: Argo floats, altimetry, gravimetry data

• Platform Vocabulary: https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L06/

• Data Product*: MHT estimates at 12 latitudes across the Atlantic based on spatiotemporal Bayesian hierarchical model

• Time Coverage Start: 2004-02-14

• Time Coverage End: 2020-08-14

• Contributor Name: Francisco Calafat, Parvathi Vallivattathillam, Eleanor Frajka-Williams

• Contributor Role: originator, coAuthor, principalInvestigator

• Contributor Role Vocabulary: https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/G04/current/

• Contributor Email: , ,

• Contributor Id: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7474-135X, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1670-964X, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8773-7838

• Contributing Institutions: National Oceanography Centre (Southampton) / University of the Balearic Islands, Spain, National Oceanography Centre (Liverpool), Balearic Islands University (Department of Physics), University of Hamburg (IfM) (IfM)

• Contributing Institutions Vocabulary: , , https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/2424, https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/1586,

• Contributing Institutions Role: , , , ,

• Conventions: CF-1.8, ACDD-1.3, OceanSITES-1.5

• featureType: timeSeries

• featureType_vocabulary: https://cfconventions.org/cf-conventions/v1.6.0/cf-conventions.html#_features_and_feature_types

• Source File*: Bayesian_estimates_Atlantic_MHT.nc

• Source Path*: ~/AMOCatlas/data/Bayesian_estimates_Atlantic_MHT.nc

• Source Url*: https://zenodo.org/records/16640426

• Date Modified: 2026-02-01T00:00:00Z

• Processing Software: http://github.com/AMOCcommunity/amocatlas

• Processing Version: v0.2.0

• Processing Datasource*: calafat2025

• Variable Mapping*: {‘time’: ‘TIME’, ‘latitude’: ‘LATITUDE’, ‘mht’: ‘MHT’, ‘htc’: ‘HTC’}

• Original Variable Metadata*: [Complex metadata structure - 4 items]

• Applied Variable Mapping: {‘mht’: ‘MHT’, ‘htc’: ‘HTC’, ‘TIME’: ‘TIME’, ‘LATITUDE’: ‘LATITUDE’, ‘MHT’: ‘MHT’, ‘HTC’: ‘HTC’}

• Creation Data: 31-Jul-2025 15:14:49

• Contact: francisco.mcalafat@uib.eu

• Comment On Temporal Resolution: Estimates of heat transport are quarterly values (i.e., 3-month means: Jan-Feb-Mar, Apr-May-Jun, …)

• Convections: CF-1.8, ACDD-1.3

• Comment*: (Note: date_modified has been set to a canonical value for documentation generation to avoid git churn)